GIP improves insulin sensitivity, may influence fat tissue metabolism directly, and appears to amplify the appetite-suppressing effects of GLP-1 in ways researchers are still mapping
6,12 Conclusions Balanced meals that combine fiber, protein, and healthy fats can naturally increase GLP-1 activity, promoting satiety, maintaining optimal energy levels, and improving glucose control
Future direction The evolution of GLP-1RAs is increasingly shifting toward oral formulations, aiming to enhance patient adherence by eliminating the need for injections and addressing the logistical complexities associated with traditional peptide therapies [72, 73]
Commonly discussed side effects in this medication class may include nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, reflux, abdominal discomfort, reduced appetite, fatigue, dehydration risk, and food aversions
Retatrutide at 12 mg weekly currently produces the largest weight loss of any published Phase 3 GLP-1-class compound, exceeding tirzepatide (22.5% in SURMOUNT-1) and semaglutide (14.9% in STEP-1) at comparable timepoints
Retatrutide may represent the next generation of weight loss medications but as of now, its not approved, not legal, and not safe for consumer use in the UK
