Vitamin B12 may reduce the effectiveness of some chemotherapy drugs, such as methotrexate or 5-fluorouracil, and may also be impacted by medications like metformin, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and certain antibiotics (e.g., chloramphenicol)
Third-party testing certificates of analysis (COAs), ideally with HPLC and mass spectrometry data, are the main quality-assurance tool available
Higginson M
Final Thoughts How often you need Vitamin D3 or MIC + B12 injections depends on your individual nutrient levels, health goals, and lifestyle
Expression of glycosaminoglycans and small proteoglycans in wounds: modulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu(2+)
Dogs with an inherited or genetic condition can often be treated with oral supplementation, while those with an intestinal disease respond best to subcutaneous injection