Lovelle advocates for the "5R Framework" for gut health restoration
3.2.2 TGF--induced mitochondrial ROS production Mitochondria are the primary intracellular source of ROS, and TGF-1 markedly enhances their production across multiple cell types, contributing to apoptosis, senescence, epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT), and fibrotic gene expression associated with myofibroblast differentiation [58]
Dehydration can impair glucose metabolism studies have demonstrated that even mild dehydration may be associated with elevated blood glucose levels, though this occurs through mechanisms unrelated to incretin hormones
High-fibre foods slow gastric emptying and add bulk to meals without significantly increasing calorie content: Vegetables (particularly leafy greens, broccoli, courgette, and cucumber) Pulses and legumes (lentils, chickpeas, kidney beans) Wholegrains (oats, brown rice, wholemeal bread) Fruit (especially berries, apples, and pears) The NHS recommends at least five portions of fruit and vegetables per day, and the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) advises a dietary fibre intake of 30 g per day for adults
Less caloric intake combined with slower stomach emptying creates a temporary energy deficityour body is using stored energy faster than it's getting new fuel
The exceptional efficacy of Ozempic led to the FDA approval of a higher-dose formulation specifically designed to treat obesity, marketed under the brand name Wegovy
