It was designed at Monash University in Australia to isolate growth hormone's fat-metabolizing activity while stripping out everything else the growth-promoting effects, the IGF-1 elevation, the insulin antagonism, the fluid retention
doi:10.1111/and.12494
Of note, the extent of the demonstrated beneficial effect on recovery of muscle function and integrity is considerable, and involves the transection- (15, 37) crush- (16, 17) lesion of striated muscle, and healing impairment induced by systemic corticosteroid application (16), as well as function impairment induced by centrally acting agents (74, 75)
Anyone can develop a vitamin B12 deficiency
Outside the US it is supplied as a research-grade peptide and is not approved for human use by any major regulator
Many people with B-12 deficiencies can use oral supplements, but for people like myself who have issues with absorption, shots can be a more effective way of getting the vitamin into the body