For example, individuals with Lebers disease, a rare genetic disorder, may be at risk of optic nerve damage from B12 injections
GPs normally give these every 12 weeks, but the effects wear off before this and as a result the patient is left feeling sluggish and run down
Declining levels directly impair oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production (Stein & Imai, 2012)
Even if lab values normalize, ongoing fatigue, poor sleep, or nerve discomfort may warrant treatment continuation or adjustment
(GP-diagnosed, serum level below 150 pmol/L): Three injections over the first two weeks, then 1000mcg every two to three months
DOSE RATE Lambs 1 mL at tailing or weaning Sheep 1.5 2.5 mL pre-lambing Calves 5 mL from 2 months of age Cows 10 12 mL pre-calving Injection into the anterior half of the neck in food producing animals