Any issue that can affect the stomach, pancreas or the last 3-4 cm of the small bowel (called the terminal ileum): Stomach: gastrectomy, gastric bypass Pancreas: chronic pancreatitis, removal of the pancreas Terminal ileum: Crohns disease, coeliac disease (an allergy to gluten requiring a very strict gluten-free diet), removal of terminal ileum, ileostomy, radiotherapy to the pelvis (e.g
Drug Discov 2019, 18 (1), 4158
Menezo Y, Elder K, Clement A, Clement P
Bone regeneration using a synthetic matrix containing a parathyroid hormone peptide combined with a grafting material
Intrinsic factor is only made in the stomach and after a gastrectomy there is little to no more of it or gastric acid, and the active mechanism in the body where B12 is absorbed is either less available or not available at all depending on if the surgery was a total or a part of a gastrectomy
Klow pairs well with treatments like microneedling, laser therapy, hormone therapy, and other peptide protocols