The importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular response against oxidative/nitrosative stress: current state
This is why we suggest a two-step approach to really getting it gone
Newsholme P, Procopio J, Lima MM, Pithon-Curi TC, Curi R
Abbreviations A: -amyloid ACA: Acetoacetate AD: Alzheimers disease AhR: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase ARRB2: -arrestin-2 BBB: Blood-brain barrier BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor BMI: Body mass index -HB: -hydroxybutyrate CNS: Central nervous system COMT: Catecholamine O-methyl transferase COX-2: Cyclooxygenase-2 CRP: C-reactive protein CSF: Cerebrospinal fluid ENS: Enteric nervous system FMT: Fecal microbiota transplantation GDNF: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor GI: Gastrointestinal GPR40: G proteincoupled receptor 40 HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin HCA2: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 HDAC: Histone deacetylase HDL: High-density lipoprotein IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease IGF: Insulin growth factor IL-1: Interleukin-1 Il-6: Interleukin-6 KBs: Ketone bodies KD: Ketogenic diet LDL: Low-density lipoprotein LGIT: Low glycemic index treatment LPS: Lipopolysaccharides MAD: Modified Atkins diet MCTs: Medium-chain triglycerides MCT-KD: Medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diet MDS-UPDRS: Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating Scale mGluR5: Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 MPTP: 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine NF-B: Nuclear factor -light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells NFTs: Neurofibrillary tangles NLRP: NOD-like receptor protein NT-3: Neurotrophic protein 3 PAS: Parkinsons anxiety scale PD: Parkinsons disease PD-MCI: Parkinsons disease with mild cognitive impairment PPAR: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor RNS: Reactive nitrogen species ROS: Reactive oxygen species rsEEG: Resting state electroencephalography SCFAs: Short-chain fatty acids SIBO: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth TKD: Targeted ketogenic diet TLR3: Toll-like receptor 3 TNF-: Tumor necrosis factor Trp: Tryptophan TUG: Timed up and go test UCPs: Uncoupling proteins VHI: Voice handicap index VLCKD: Very low-calorie ketogenic diet References Su D, Cui Y, He C, Yin P, Bai R, Zhu J, et al
VPA is one of the important medications for migraine that could change the DNA methylation pattern through the inhabitation of the histone deacetylase and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-degrading enzymes (70)
Bocher M
