The evidence base is preclinical with one small human study
Note: Compounded drugs are not approved by the U.S
34,35 However, the controversy surrounding the possible benefits of GIPR agonism stems from two main observations: its impaired insulinotropic effects, 36,37 and the prevention of weight gain by suppression of endogenous GIP-induced adipogenesis, 38,39 However, these seemingly discouraging observations have been questioned by the finding of the central anorexic effects of GIP, 4042 and benefits of the GLP-1R/GIPR dual agonist LY3298176 (tirzepatide) in diabetic and overweight individuals
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[56] The presence of antibodies to gastric parietal cells and intrinsic factor is common in PA
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