A study investigating the compartmentalization of GSH biosynthesis shows that GSH1 is restricted to plastids, whereas GSH2 is largely localized in the cytosol and less than 10% will be active in plastids [26]
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Interestingly, the nuclear area factor (NAF), calculated as the product of nuclear area and nuclear roundness, was significantly lower in HC-treated cells than in other experimental conditions
Considering the transcriptional effects we observed exclusively in response to low BPA and the key functions of MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling in retinal development and cell survival, we next examined whether the long-term effects of BPA in retina are associated with changes in these nongenomic pathways
Whether this strategy can be employed in treating ATC in vitro and in vivo is crucial and meaningful
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