Although the serum MMA concentration reflects an intracellular cobalamin deficiency, other causes of elevated MMA must be considered, such as renal failure, reduced plasma volume reduction, and abnormalities in hepatic methyl-malonyl CoA mutase activity [15,47]
Two antibodies, anti-parietal cell antibody and anti-intrinsic factor antibody, have been described in PA
Under ultrasound guidance, vitamin B12 was injected precisely into the brachial plexus compartment around the swollen neuroma of the C6 root
Preliminary human studies suggest a favorable safety profile, though clinical efficacy data remain limited
Good value is best judged on a cost-per-use basis over the life of the product , not the sticker price
Secretome is a collection of substances such as hyaluronic acid, collagen, and growth factors, that cells release into their surroundings