While some ROS generation, produced via NADPH-dependent NOX and iNOS, is advantageous and necessary for pathogen clearance, it must be carefully titrated by antioxidant GSH which is itself regulated by NADPH-dependent glutathione reductase
These properties help to reduce oxidative stress, improve liver detoxification, enhance skin health, and support immune function
Pereyra AS, McLaughlin KL, Buddo KA, Ellis JM
Because PIH behaves differently in deeper skin tones, our dedicated explainer on post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, how it forms after acne and inflammation and why it needs a gentle approach in skin of color, is a useful companion read to this page
10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30135-X Lancet Public Heal
More aggressive approaches might use three cycles annually, though research supporting increased frequency remains sparse