Mitochondrial division entails the formation of two spatially distinct types: midzone division, which occurs in the central region of the mitochondrion, and peripheral division, localized near its terminal regions (Kleele et al., 2021)
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The terminal carboxy group was protonated because is exposed to a lipid environment, generating a formal charge -1
2) Avoid:Strong acids (e.g., AHAs, high-dose vitamin C) or chelators (e.g., EDTA), which may destabilize the copper-peptide complex.